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Is it time for midwives in New Zealand to review sexually transmitted infection screening in pregnancy?

Abstract:

Increasing rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the developed world have been documented both internationally and within New Zealand, with the adverse effects of STIs on fetal, neonatal and women’s health recurring themes within the midwifery, obstetric and sexual health literature. Rates of STIs are also unequally distributed amongst the New Zealand population affecting higher proportions of youth, Maori and Pacific peoples. Although provision is made for maternal sexual health screening, the deteriorating sexual health profile of New Zealand and high rates of mother-to-child-transmitted STIs raise questions as to the effectiveness of this programme. This paper considers the existing literature to reaffirm the grounds for a competent sexual health component to maternity care and its contribution to equality of outcome and the promotion of normal birth. The findings of a small local survey of midwives’ sexual health screening practice are presented, suggesting the need for closer examination of midwives’ current knowledge, understanding and practice. A case is made for a nationwide strategy to address sexual health issues in New Zealand that takes advantage of the important role midwives could play in executing such a strategy.

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sexual health screening, sexually transmitted infection, STI during pregnancy